Define gerrymandering and describe the packing and cracking strategies.

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Gerrymandering is the practice of drawing electoral district boundaries to influence election outcomes, often to help one party. Packing concentrates opposition voters into a few districts, causing them to win big there but lose influence in other districts. Cracking spreads those opposition voters across many districts so they remain a minority in each, preventing them from forming a majority anywhere. The other options describe unrelated procedures like ballot authenticity checks, polling station access, or fast vote counting.